Performance of in situ gamma-ray spectrometry in the assessment of radioactive cesium deposition around the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant

Ji, Y.-Y.*; Ochi, Kotaro; Hong, S. B.*; Nakama, Shigeo; Sanada, Yukihisa; Mikami, Satoshi

Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 179, p.109205_1 - 109205_11, 2021/02

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2020.109205

In situ gamma-ray spectrometry using diverse survey platforms has been conducted in contaminated areas with several dose rate levels around the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP). Six survey sites, including two evacuation zones around the FDNPP, were selected for ground-based gamma-ray spectrometry using HPGe (high purity Ge) and LaBr(Ce) detectors to assess the radioactive cesium deposition in the ground. The diverse levels of radioactivity of Cs were then distributed to six survey sites from 30 to 3000 kBq m in the measurement period of October 2018. A method to directly calculate the depth profile using in situ measurement was introduced so as to have representation over a wide area, and the results were successfully compared with those of sample analysis at one point in the site.

Think of issues for treatment various waste from nuclear plant

Suzuki, Masafumi*; Yoshinaka, Kazuyuki

Gijutsushi, (648), p.12 - 15, 2020/12

AA2020-0333.pdf:0.97MB

The site tour which is a part of CPD events regarding the issue concerning the radioactive waste from nuclear facilities was organized in autumn 2019, and we visited the facilities related to the specified waste due to the Fukushima-Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident in spring 2020. The tours made us reacknowledge the impact of radionuclides on environment at accident, the importance of the management of nuclear facilities under the basic premise of ensuring safety, the necessity of the discussion based on the common understanding, and that would be contributed to find the solution of those issues.

Estimation of the vertical distribution of radiocesium in soil on the basis of the characteristics of -ray spectra obtained via aerial radiation monitoring using an unmanned helicopter

Ochi, Kotaro; Sasaki, Miyuki; Ishida, Mutsushi*; Hamamoto, Shoichiro*; Nishimura, Taku*; Sanada, Yukihisa

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 14(8), p.926_1 - 926_14, 2017/08

https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14080926

After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident, the vertical distribution of radiocesium in soil has been investigated to better understand the behavior of radiocesium in the environment. The typical method used for measuring the vertical distribution of radiocesium is troublesome because it requires collection and measurement of the activity of soil samples. In this study, we established a method of estimating the vertical distribution of radiocesium by focusing on the characteristics of -ray spectra obtained via aerial radiation monitoring using an unmanned helicopter. In this method, the change in the ratio of direct rays to scattered rays at various depths in the soil was utilized to quantify the vertical distribution of radiocesium. The results show a positive correlation between the abovementioned and the actual vertical distributions of radiocesium measured in the soil samples.

Results of borehole investigation in -500m access/research gallery-north (13MI3813MI44 Boreholes)

Hasegawa, Takashi; Kawamoto, Koji; Yamada, Nobuto; Onuki, Kenji; Omori, Kazuaki; Takeuchi, Ryuji; Iwatsuki, Teruki; Sato, Toshinori

JAEA-Technology 2015-011, 135 Pages, 2015/07

JAEA-Technology-2015-011.pdf:28.63MB
JAEA-Technology-2015-011-appendix(CD-ROM).zip:566.32MB

The geological, hydraulic and geochemical data such as rock mass classification, groundwater inflow points and the volume, water pressure, and hydraulic conductivity were obtained from boreholes (13MI3813MI44) in the -500m Access/Research Gallery-North of Mizunami Underground Research laboratory (MIU). In addition to data acquisition, monitoring systems were installed to observe hydrochemical changes in the groundwater, and rock strain during and after the groundwater recovery experiment.

Environmental impact of nitrate nitrogen in sub-surface disposal system on surface water and sensitivity analysis of distribution coefficient of nitrate ion and porosity of waste layer on the environmental safety assessments

Nakamura, Yasuo; Nakatani, Takayoshi

JAEA-Technology 2014-048, 18 Pages, 2015/03

JAEA-Technology-2014-048.pdf:7.75MB

Sodium nitrate is included bituminized waste generating from the reprocessing plant of spent fuel which is disposed of in sub-surface disposal facility. Because the sodium nitrate is soluble material in surface water, it is a concern impact on surface water. Such as non-radioactive materials are not strictly regulated by "the Law for the Regulations of Nuclear Source Material, Nuclear Fuel Material and Reactors", but should be considered by related laws and regulations according to former basic policy. Because it is regulated as nitrate nitrogen by "The Basic Environment Law", the valuation of the environmental impact on general sub-surface disposal system was carried out. As the results, the concentration of nitrate nitrogen in river water whose annual quantity of water is rather than 110m/y is below the regulated value at the small scale surface waters as evaluation point.

Examination of a distributed small reactor system with the social acceptability; The District heat supply small reactor system using deep underground cave

Nakajima, Nobuya; Takahashi, Hiroki; Kusunoki, Tsuyoshi; Mitomo, Nobuo

JAERI-Tech 2005-057, 54 Pages, 2005/09

JAERI-Tech-2005-057.pdf:4.27MB

Availability using small reactor sited in deep underground cave was examined as a district heat supply system.From the viewpoint of a social acceptability, the contact points with a distributed small reactor system were examined to resolve a social structure-subject of a big city through investigation of the city environmental issue and city calamity. In order to estimate the scale of the heat source of a district heat supply system, a virtual city model was set up about 100,000 populations. It became clear that the heat can be supplied by installing two reactors with thermal-power 100MWt (MR-100G) in caves. Moreover, it turns out that the system will also function effectively for more than 40 years. The economic efficiency of this system was compared with the natural-gas boiler, and we confirmed that the district heat supply system by the small reactor is excellent especially for the case of long-term system operation.

None

; Hama, Katsuhiro; ; Saito, Hiroshi;

JNC TN7410 2000-004, 16 Pages, 2000/04

JNC-TN7410-2000-004.pdf:0.5MB

None

*; *; Yabuuchi, Satoshi

JNC TY7400 2000-001, 72 Pages, 2000/03

JNC-TY7400-2000-001.pdf:4.01MB

None

Data collection by literature survey on rock physical properties in Japan (II)

Sato, Toshinori; Taniguchi, Wataru; Fujita, Tomoo; Hasegawa, Hiroshi

JNC TN7400 99-011, 36 Pages, 1999/12

JNC-TN7400-99-011.pdf:1.55MB

In order to understand the general thermal and mechanical properties of rock masses and initial stress of rock at depth, data were compiled from the published literature in Japan and collected from investigations carried out at Kamaishi mine and Tono mine. Statistical examinations derived the ranges, means and medians of the mechanical properties for the different rock types. It was confirmed that the correlations between the mechanical properties were in agreement with correlations determined previously in other similar surveys. The unconfined compressive strength of Neogene sedimentary rocks showed a tendency to increase with increasing depth ( 500 m). An examination of the measured initial stress data collected through literature surveys showed that the vertical stress can be approximated by the extent of gravitational loading at a particular point. There is an approximately linear relationship between the average stress in a horizontal plane and the depth. The lateral pressure coefficient tends to have a high value and large range at shallow depths, but tends towards 1 with increasing depth.

Study on construction technology for repository

Tanai, Kenji; Iwasa, Kengo; Hasegawa, Hiroshi; Miura, K.*; Okutsu, Kazuo*; Kobayashi, Masaaki*

JNC TN8400 99-046, 177 Pages, 1999/11

JNC-TN8400-99-046.pdf:6.03MB

For the construction of underground facilities comprising access tunnels, connecting tunnels, main tunnels and disposal tunnels, a large number of tunnels will be excavated in deep rock formations. These excavations will extend hundreds kilometers in total length. Therefore, special attention must be paid, to transporting large volume of debris, ventilation, emergency escape routes in case of accident, and other factors. In addition, special attention must also paid to potential accidents which might in underground excavations, including unstable facing phenomena (such as collapse and swelling of facing at weak layer sections), spring water flow resulting collapse of rock, gas eruption, and rock burst. While considering these factors to be emphasized during the construction of geological disposal facilities, the investigation reviewed the existing working methods on individual construction technologies of access tunnels, main tunnels, connecting tunnels, disposal tunnels, and disposal pit, based on the recognition that the present state deals with a wide range of geological environments, and conducted investigation about the construction methods for each tunnel on the basis current technologies, and described the outline of these methods. Furthermore, for the items to be particulaly emphasized on site characterization koko and siting data such as ground pressure and spring water, the investigation reviewed the current countermeasure works, and made survey on the phenomena appeared during actual tunnel construction works and their countermeasres, and carried out a study on effectiveness of these countermeasures. This constructing of disposal site in deep geological formations is basically possible by applying, or confirming, current excavation technologies for tunnels and underground facilities, A systematic construction system combines separate technologies relating to construction, (excavation technology, tunnel support work method, etc.). Such systems ...